Birth Control Devices and Teenagers

Birth control devices refer to tools or methods that prevent pregnancy. There are various ways of birth control, which may be classified to natural and artificial methods. These methods have been in existence and have been employed by many since the ancient times (Nagel). Birth control devices may also be classified according to the way by which they prevent conception or pregnancy. Following the latter classification, there would be four types of birth control devices, namely, chemical, barrier, intrauterine devices (IUD), and fertility cycle planning (Nagel).Many couples already employ these devices in planning their family, and many women have adopted the use of various methods, such as the pill. For example, it is estimated that more than half the female population of the United States already uses a form of contraception (Nagel). Despite the widespread use, however, controversies revolving around the ethical and religious aspects of contraception remain intense (Nagel); and this remains especially true in cases of teenagers.Parents would probably be the last person that a young person would consult regarding the use of birth control devices, due to the inherent sensitivity of the topic and the barriers to communication between parents and their children (Richardson). However, considering the important role that contraceptives may play in preventing young adults from getting pregnant without having adequate preparations and the high probability of young adults in engaging in premarital sex, parents might do well to consider talking to their children about the use of contraceptives so that the latter would have correct information and guidance.The existence of barriers to communication between parents and their children is well documented. Studies show that there is an apparent disconnection between parents and young adolescents (Richardson). This is particularly true among the American population (Richardson). To illustrate, surveys of more than 100, 000 ad olescents in the United States show that only twenty-six percent (26%) of adolescents found their parents approachable enough to initiate a conversation with (Richardson).However, such communication could spell the difference between a good and bad future for young adults. Teenagers are besieged by various issues, dilemmas, and changes during adolescence, including physical and hormonal changes (Richardson). At this critical age, issues concerning sex and birth control bother teenagers (Richardson). Therefore, this is the age when parents need to establish a strong communication link between them and their children so that they could give significant pieces of advice.This way, children would not turn to outside sources, which could turn out to be unsafe or unfavorable. Keeping communication lines open between parents and children, even on highly sensitive issues like premarital sex and contraception, helps establish a good relationship among them. This way, parents are effectively e xpressing their unquestioning parental and emotional support to their children. They are also providing them with invaluable guidance in living life responsibly.They are also not turning a blind eye to the reality to the lifestyle and practices of teenagers nowadays. Finally, it is best that teenagers know they can turn to their parents for support rather than to other people, who might provide wrong or unwise pieces of advice. Works Cited Nagel, Rob. â€Å"Birth Control Methods. † Body by Design: From the Digestive System to the Skeleton. (2000). Richardson, Rhonda. â€Å"Early Adolescence Talking Points: Questions that Middle School Students Want To Ask Their Parents. † Family Relations.53 (2004): 87-94 Outline: Birth Control Devices and Teenagers I. Introduction A. Birth control devices B. The introduction of birth control devices to teenagers by their parents II. Body A. Teenagers are becoming more sexually active nowadays B. Parents do not have effective communica tion with their children C. Parents can build good relations with their children by being open about sex matters III. Conclusion A. Summary of the body B. Parents are the best person to introduce birth control devices to their teen children.

Starbucks Strategic

Starbucks – Strategic Management Prowess Efficacy Today we stand witness to a new coffee era, one made up of Caffe Lattes, Espresso Macchiatos, Cappuccinos and Frappuccinos. Specialty Coffee is here to stay and no one will be more eager to tell you that than Howard Schultz, CEO of Starbucks, the world’s largest specialty coffee bar. In 1993, Starbucks continued its aggressive expansion and moved into the East Coast market by establishing a presence in Washington, D. C.This expansion has continued and today Starbucks operates more then 15,800 stores internationally and employs roughly 140,000 employees. It grosses 11. 7 billion in annual revenue and is opening 5 new stores every day. (Starbucks Corporation, 2011) Starbucks competes with players both within the specialty market and against those outside the specialty coffee market. Some examples of competitors within the specialty coffee market are Tully’s coffee, Seattle’s Best Coffee, Peet’s Coffee, Caribou Coffee and other smaller chains.Those outside the specialty market include, Folgers, Proctor & Gamble, Dunkin Donuts, McDonalds and numerous other coffee serving establishments. Starbucks leverages its customer loyalty, premium quality coffee and the homey atmosphere of its stores to fend off competition. Specialty Coffee Industry Attractiveness The most attractive industry for any profit maximizing firm within a capitalistic society would be one in which they can have a pure monopoly. In economics this refers to situations in which one established firm can be the sole provider of a product or service in a particular market segment.This theory of monopoly would be one end of the industry attractiveness scale, while the other endpoint would be defined by the theory of perfect competition. This scale will help us to define the attractiveness of the specialty coffee industry in relation to these two extremes. The five forces analysis of the specialty coffee industry has allowe d us to identify some of the key structural characteristics of the main players in the industry, such as the buyers, suppliers, potential new entrants, potential substitutes and rivals within the industry.These key structural characteristics suggest that the forces exerted by these five players on the specialty coffee industry initially made it ideal for a situation to develop in which the industry structure was closer to the monopoly end point on the scale of attractiveness rather than the pure competition end point. The primary competition among rivals within the industry was not price oriented; the buyers of specialty coffee and the sellers of Arabica beans had little bargaining power at their disposal; and there existed no true substitutes for specialty coffee.The strongest force acting on the industry was that of the potential new entrants, which could be mitigated by a first mover firm if it was able to establish dominant brand recognition, successfully expand aggressively and create a defendable differentiated product. Therefore, placing the specialty coffee industry at its inception in the late 1980s on the scale defined above is now possible and it appears to reside closer to the monopoly end of the scale than perfect competition, making it a very desirable industry from the standpoint of a profit maximizing firm such as Starbucks.The second important factor influencing the attractiveness of an industry is the demographic makeup of the consumer base. The higher average American consumption of coffee per day, added to the attractiveness of the industry by providing an enormous pool of potential customers. These two factors also play a significant role in determining the attractiveness of the industry because they show that the average customer of the specialty coffee industry has more financial resources, education and consumes more coffee than the typical American.This implies a consumer base that is more flexible to price fluctuations and is less lik ely to fuel discounting among rival competitors, or a price war. Both Michael Porter's five forces analysis of the specialty coffee industry and the demographic makeup of the consumer base, then, suggest an extremely attractive industry with large growth potential in the late 1980s. The objective of any firm trying to dominate or monopolize the specialty coffee industry would be to create defendable sources of competitive advantage through the use of barriers to entry and a horizontal or organic hierarchy that could outpace competition in innovation.Results of the five forces analysis would suggest, given the unlikely prospect of a price war and the negative repercussions of one, that price superiority alone would be an ill-advised approach. Starbucks’ Success Factors First-mover advantage When Howard Shultz purchased the assets of Starbucks on August 18, 1987, he immediately set in motion an aggressive growth strategy targeted at the unique consumer base the specialty coffee industry attracted. Strategic expansion to eastChicago was chosen as the first major eastern expansion target because it presented enormous opportunities being located in the heartland of the two largest basic coffee companies in the United States. The first of these two companies was Folgers, part of the food and beverages division of Procter ; Gamble, and the second company was Maxwell House. California Expansion California simply represented a vast market with an ideal demographic makeup and open attitude toward high quality and innovative foods.Los Angeles was chosen to be the hub city in California given its status as a trendsetter and Hollywood's cultural ties to the rest of the country. The Catalog Another means Starbucks utilized to determine the most advantageous locations to open new stores was through their mail order catalog. This catalog gave customers the opportunity to order wholesale packaged Starbucks’ coffee beans from anywhere in the country. Employee Sati sfaction As Howard Schultz said in reference to his employees, â€Å"these people are not only the heart and soul but also the public face of the company.Every dollar earned passes through their hands. † Maintaining quality of Arabica beans In order to ensure that the quality of Arabica beans stayed at a consistently high level, Starbucks pursued strategies to secure their supply-chain. Environmental / Social Goodwill By collaborating publicly with Conservation International, Starbucks stands to increase their legitimacy with other NGOs; thus, reducing the risk of protests and the negative implications those protests would have on their brand image.This alliance also allowed Starbucks to attain economies of scale in regards to their ability to contribute positively to the community and the environment by tapping in to some of the expertise offered through Conservation international. The most important aspect of the strategic alliance with conservation international was the co llaborative development of C. A. F. E. practices (Coffee and Farmer Equity Practices). The primary goal of the C. A. F. E. practices was to enhance the coffee farmer’s quality of life and to ensure a long-term stream of high quality coffee.Capturing the concept of â€Å"The Third Place† Starbucks tries to offer a â€Å"third place†, where people can get away from the daily routines of their lives and enjoy a cup of coffee from Sumatra, Kenya or Costa Rica. Most importantly, it is a place that offers casual social interactions. Michael Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis The five variables responsible for the forces analyzed using this model are the industry suppliers, buyers, potential new entrants, substitute products and the competition among existing firms.The analysis will apply Porter's five forces model to the environment surrounding Starbucks today in order to develop an accurate understanding of the current specialty coffee industry. Industry Rivalry Starb ucks competes with a variety of smaller scale specialty coffee shops, mostly concentrated in different regions. All of these specialty coffee chains are differentiated from Starbucks in one way or another. Caribou Coffee is a specialty coffee chain that competes with Starbucks. Where Starbucks strives to create an upscale European atmosphere, Caribou coffee tries to implement a more American feel to their coffee houses.A Canadian-based company, A. L. Van Houtte, operates roughly 100 corporate outlets and franchises, serving nearly 3 million cups of coffee per day. As the original inspiration for Starbucks, Peet’s Coffee and Tea Company which originated in Berkeley, California still poses a serious competitive threat. In addition to these smaller scale specialty coffee companies, Starbucks must now compete against two of the largest companies in the fast food industry namely Dunkin Donuts, and McDonald's restaurant fast food chain. PASTE REST OF COMPETITOR LOGOSPotential for N ew Entrants The primary deterrents to entry in the specialty coffee industry are the various barriers to entry. The economies of scale within the specialty coffee industry have increased as the size of the top players has increased. There is numerous cost disadvantages imposed on new entrants that are independent of the economies of scale considerations. Product differentiation within the specialty coffee industry has moved towards more subjective traits such as the ambience of the store, the social responsibility of the company and brand identification.All of this makes it more difficult for new entrants to gain a solid customer base. Substitute Products The force created by substitute products in the specialty coffee industry has decreased. Supplier Bargaining Power This initiative was designed to. The fair trade coffee certification ensures that the coffee farmers would be compensated fairly for their crops. Their increased unity under this initiative worked as a positive externa lity by increasing their ability to exert bargaining power over their buyers, and this initiative is looked at by consumers in their decision of where to purchase their premium coffee.Bargaining Power of Buyers The primary buyers in the specialty coffee industry remain individual consumers, who neither engage in concerted behaviour nor individually purchase in large volumes relative to the total sales of a corporation such as Starbucks. The Specialty Coffee Industry Life Cycle: An Evolutionary Process Through the application of Michael Porter’s five forces model to the specialty coffee industry in which Starbucks currently competes, an understanding of the relative magnitude of each of the five competitive forces has been developed. Specialty Coffee Growth RateWhen analyzing the specialty coffee industry’s sales growth from 1990 to 2011, as illustrated in exhibit 1, we can see that the industry experienced enormous growth in total sales between 1998 and 2002. Using exh ibit 2, which depicts the generic stages of the industry lifecycle in a graphical format, we can compare the two and pose a hypothesis as to where the specialty coffee industry is in this life cycle. Namely, this comparison suggests that the specialty coffee industry is near the inflection point between the growth stage and the maturity stage in the industry lifecycle. Target Consumer SegmentWhen specialty coffee was first being produced, its target consumer segment was the upper income class. This can be seen in Exhibit 3, which shows a survey Starbucks conducted during the 1990s and highlights the high education and income of its average consumer. This specific customer segment has been nearly fully penetrated. Any additional growth will most likely come from those consumers with middle or lower incomes. Strategic Adaptation Strategies The first thing an organization must do to adapt to a changing lifecycle is to determine where the industry is in that lifecycle.From the assumptio ns made in this analysis, I have postulated that Starbucks and the specialty coffee industry in the United States is at the end of its growth stage and in the beginning of its mature stage. The buyer market will slowly become fully saturated and repeat buyers will become the primary constituents of the consumer base, with a stronger emphasis on discounting and less differentiation between brands. The next step is formulating a proper strategy to overcome the barriers, in the form of organizational inertia. This would involve developing a fundamental understanding of what the primary contributors to that inertia are.This in turn involves identifying the existing routines and capabilities, the hierarchy structure, along with the power structure and identifying the ingrained perceptions of the business from an outsider’s perspective. Competitive Advantage in a Mature Industry It is first important to determine how Starbucks should reorient their strategic focus, given the charac teristics of a mature industry. In the case of Starbucks, they should improve their capabilities in their distribution network and maintain their industry lead in low transportation costs. Starbucks, however, should not attempt to pursue cost advantage in low-cost inputs.In the specialty coffee industry, quality is determined in large part by the quality of the raw inputs, Arabica coffee beans, which are used during the brewing process. Starbucks also should not attempt to seek a cost advantage through their labor force. Undercutting these two inputs would place their brand reputation at risk, which would have a very detrimental effect on their profits. TO ADD: SWOT ANALYSIS + PORTER MODEL IN PICTORIAL FORM+ PESTEL ANALYSIS SOME MOER DIAGRAMS AND PICs Appendix: Starbuck global footprint Growth of Starbuck Stores over last 40 years

Beethoven Biography

Ludwig van Beethoven is perhaps the most famous and Influential of all the pianist composers of his time. He was considered instrumental In the transition of between the classical and romantic eras In Western Art Music. Beethoven was born on December 1 6th, 1770 In Bonn (now called Cologne, Germany) to parents of Belgian descent. HIS father, Johann, was a musician at the court of Bonn, and his mother, Maria, whom he later deemed as his best friend, was described as a warmhearted gentle women.There were seven children born into his family, only three survived, in which Ludwig was the oldest. Johann supplemented his income by teaching piano and violin and so took an interest in teaching Ludwig from a very early age. He began to see Ludwig as prodigy, a young Mozart. Ludwig gave his first public performance at the age of 7-1/2, In cologne, however, his father exploited his son, announcing that he was only 6. Because of this, Beethoven was always thought of as being younger than he actually was. Ludwig soon outgrew the teachings of his father and began to study with Christian Gotten Neff, who was the Courts organist.Neff taught Ludwig about composition and by March of 1783, had helped him write his first published composition: a set of keyboard variations. He then began working with Neff as an assistant organist and published three piano sonatas. By his teenage years, Beethoven had become influenced by the political philosophies of the time, such as freemasonry and Order of the Illuminate. In 1787 Beethoven traveled to Vienna, as Vienna was becoming a beacon of culture and music. He had hoped to be able to study with Mozart. It is unclear if Beethoven actually met or studies with Mozart.After two weeks, Ludwig learned that his mother was dying and so went back home. HIS mother died shortly thereafter. His father turned to alcohol and left Beethoven to care for his younger siblings for 1 OFF He then returned to Vienna and was introduced to many influential people during this time. Franz Wiggler, a young medical student, introduced Ludwig to the von reining family, where he taught piano to some of the children. Beethoven would eventually come to marry one of the von Briefings young daughters. Everyone in the musical and aristocratic world would come to admire the young composer. They Nerve indeed Beethovens greatest supporters. He often became angry with one or all of them, however, his talents often excused his excessive, impulsive behavior. In 1796 Beethoven began to lose his hearing (the cause of this is unknown, but recent tests on Beethovens hair indicate he may have had lead poisoning). He was lust 26 years of age. He also suffered from ringing in the ears, this made if hard for him to hear music. Because of this, he often avoided conversation. In 1800, Beethoven organized a concert in Vienna, including among his other Norms, his first symphony. At the time, this symphony was considered strange, overly extravagant, and even risquà ©. At this very young age, Beethoven was pushing the boundaries of music for the times. In 1801, Beethoven confessed to his friend that he feared he was becoming deaf. On advice from his doctor, he moved to a small town called Halogenated in an attempt to come to terms with his deafness. Over time, his hearing loss became profound. There is a well known story about Beethoven that at one of his concerts, he had to be turned around to hear the thunderous applause from the audience, but upon hearing nothing, he wept.However, it did not stop him from composing music. He continued to compose, although playing concerts became impossible, after an attempt to play his symphony #5 at a concert in 1811, in which he failed miserably, he never played biblically again. He tried many types of hearing aids, IEEE. , a special ear horn but to no avail. By 1814 Beethoven was totally deaf, so he devised a plan to have a conversation book, in which his friends wrote down their conversations to be able to communicate with him. He could then respond orally or in the book.Out off total 400 conversation books, 264 books were altered to destroyed after Beethovens death by Anton Schneider (Beethovens biographer) , who wished only an idealized biography of the composer to survive. In 1807, Beethoven wrote his third symphony for Bonaparte. Bonaparte was seen as a liberator of people, which then opened the door of hope for all people. However, thieving became angry and when the First Consul declared himself emperor and put that anger into his music, spewing out his name from the musical score.It was During this time period, Ludwig was commissioned by the Viennese government o begin composing an opera, entitled Lenore. This would be the only opera he Mould compose. Critics speculate it is because he was not skilled in this area. It Net through several revisions and was retiled Fiddled, against his wishes. It debuted on November 20th, 1805 to a very small audience of French officers under Napoleon. From the 1805 onward, Beethovens productivity increased dramatically, having reached his musical maturity. He had become regarded as one of the most important in a generation of young composers, following Hayden and Mozart. Thieve continued to teach students, and one student, Franz Lists, premiered dovecotes fifth piano concerto, entitled The Emperor in 1812. Beethoven had been supported in Vienna by many wealthy benefactors in order to be able to pursue his love of music freely. However, that came to an end when Prince Lobotomize fell into financial difficulty, and Prince Sink died. Thereafter, Beethoven had to struggle for money and financial independence. In 1813, Johann Envenom Emanuel, inventory, made contact with Ludwig, creating arioso devices to help Beethoven with his hearing. Beethoven created The Victory of Wellington, a work written for a mechanical instrument created by Emanuel called the pan harmonica, but it was above all the metronome, which helped evolve music and Beethoven took an interest immediately, and this helped him to play music as he Niches it to be played, with his hearing deficits. 1814, Beethoven wrote his seventh and eighth symphonies, and also re-worked his opera, renaming it Fiddled, gaining popularity with the new version. In November 1815, Ludwig life would take a dramatic change. His brother died, paving custody of his son, Karl, aged 9, to be shared by both his wife and Beethoven.He found it very hard to raise the child, being deaf and unable to understand him. He often was in conflict with his sister in law. In 1816, Carl Czerny (past student of Beethoven) became Karts music teacher, but he did not find him to be talented, as Beethoven had wished him to be. At this time, thieving would draft the first theme as to what would become his ninth and final be his greatest, and considered by some to be the greatest piece of music ever ruttier. It was commissioned by the Philharmonic Society of London, and debuted n 7th of May, 1824 in Vienna.Unfortunately, the ninth symphony was not financially rewarding. Financial problems continued to undermine the composer. At this time, he began to compose the last quartet, in the midst of failing health. He was now 54. He was ill and bedridden, however, he was able to complete the Fifteenth quartet during this time. Slow to recover, he continued on to complete the remainder of Thirteen, Fourteen and Sixteen, when he took sick again and remained In bed for many months. Beethoven died on March 26, 1827 at the age of 56, during a thunderstorm.An autopsy revealed that he had significant liver from alcohol. It is estimated that he composed over 650 pieces of music, including nine symphonies, nine concertos and 32 piano Sonatas, and many other unfinished Norms. There is no clear agreement among critics and scholars as to Beethovens most significant contribution to classical music. This, more than anything else, speaks to the composers true greatness and talent. It cannot be disputed that Beethoven played an essential role in influencing composers to this day because his achievements were so numerous and his scope of music was so vast.

Technology Plan and Effective Online Communication Skills Research Paper

Technology Plan and Effective Online Communication Skills - Research Paper Example First, E-mail etiquette makes it possible for an individual to display professionalism in his/her communication (Miller, 20). This is essential because different types of audience call for different forms of communication. While an individual can use informal language to communicate to their friends and relatives, they are required to communicate in a formal manner to companies and other formal institutions. Therefore, E-mail etiquette helps to enhance professionalism. Secondly, E-mail etiquette goes a long way in enhancing the efficiency of communication. Since E-mail etiquette advocates for proper wording of email messages, it makes it easier for the recipients to interpret and understand the messages than poorly formulated and worded messages (Miller, 33). Finally, E-mail etiquette is essential to help an individual avoid liability. considering that email communication is considered a form of communication just like any other in the eyes of the law, E-mail etiquette helps an indiv idual avoid legal liability, through avoiding making mistakes that warrant legal redress (Miller, 21). Internet technology has made it possible for people to communicate easily, as opposed to the traditional channels of communication which were inefficient and took long. However, it is necessary to apply E-mail etiquette while using email to communicate. The guidelines for enhancing effectiveness and efficiency of email communication include being concise. Composing a long and much detailed email is not favored by many, unless it is mandatory. Therefore, it is important to compose a direct and straight to the point email, which enables the recipient understand the intention of the communication within a short time (Miller, 18). Being concise also helps to make the message fully understandable and improves the chances of getting a prompt response. When an email is composed long and with unnecessary details, it may put off the recipient, making the recipient postpone reading it until he/she gets more time for that. This would delay getting a response (Miller, 38). Another benefit of keeping the message concise is that it eliminates chances of making unnecessary mistakes by the sender. Therefore, constructing a concise email message is convenient both for the sender and the recipient. Another key to E-mail etiquette is proper arrangement of information communicated in the message. The sender should ensure that he/she organizes the information communicated, such that it starts with the most important to the least important (Miller, 46). This makes it possible for the recipient’s attention to be drawn to the most important information first, which prompts him/her to react to the email. Another essential element of E-mail etiquette is numbering questions and putting points in bullet form. This is necessary to ensure that the recipient of the message pays attention to all the vital components of the message (Miller, 25). By numbering all the questions and putt ing the main points in bullets, the email is broken down to standard protocols, which makes it possible for the recipient to understand the whole message. Additionally, breakings down the message into such protocols make it possible for the recipient to address all the parts of the message in the response. While a message is not organized in points and the questions not numbered, the recipient may only

Practicum Journal 1 Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Practicum Journal 1 - Term Paper Example Be sure to delete any blank pages that appear between the weekly entries. Note: This document will serve as a cumulative journal. For each submission, you will add to the document so it contains all of your journal entries. Using no fewer than three peer-reviewed sources, analyze what you have observed within the context of your specialty using appropriate concepts, principles, and theories, giving special attention to observed events that vary from scholarly literature. (30 points) Explain how the problem, situation, or issue was handled in a manner that is consistent and a manner that is inconsistent with the theory, concepts, and principles detailed in the evidence. (30 points) There was a situation during my practicum experience where a day shift nurse was running over at 7.30 pm consequent to a patient experiencing a seizure 30 minutes prior. The day shift nurse could therefore not hand off all her patients as she was behind schedule. When the nurse supervisor was called, the night nurse stated that the situation would cause her to start her shift late and that it was unfair to her. According to Berkenstadt et al. (2008, p.159), the outgoing nurse must inform incoming nurse in regards to "Patient status and care, treatment and service, and any recent or anticipated changes in the condition of the patient". Conversely, bedside shift reports have become the conventional technique of handing off as it increases levels of patient satisfaction (Wakefield, Ragan, Brandt, and Tregnago, 2012). The fact that the night shift complained of unfairness is proof that she was not inclined towards bedside report hand off as an option as dictated by scholarly literature. A research aimed at establishing effective ways for hand offs cited by Philibert (2009, p.261) showed that "Frequent and time-constrained hand offs may frustrate the aims of the duty hour limits". This finding validates the night shift nurses concern that her shift would be affected. In terms of

Marketing Plan for your new SERVICE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Marketing Plan for your new SERVICE - Essay Example tomers’ sophistication is surging upward, and the need for outsourced call care centers in Philippines and India is raising the necessity for development of language skills and computer training to satisfy the needs of the diverse and tremendously competitive American market. Due to this rapid growth, Americans are finding themselves sub par service due to the language barrier from country to country. It is our opportunity to educate the population of both countries in efforts to lower miscommunications. Our targets are individuals that are not functionally literate, and those that speak a language different than the export (Diola, 2014). We can hope our services are also able to slow the decline of call centers in India, while eager to see both countries grow. CompuLanguage is entering its first year of operation. Our services have been rendered; however marketing will be crucial in the development of our brand and services as well as to make our target market more aware of our brand and services for growth of our customer base. Tutors411 offers an array of services and subject lines to meet individual and organizational needs (Diola, 2014). The call center industry is a profitable business and the Philippines are taking advantage of it. According to Monticello (2012), there are over one hundred countries seeking current dominance in the industry (p.3). Malaysia, Singapore, and China are the Philippines’ primary competitors in the call center market. India has been struggling to keep business. It will lose seventy percent or thirty billion dollars’ worth of all Business Processing Outsourcing (BPO) businesses; particularly call centers (Diola, 2014).   India has regained business due to sales and up-selling strategies. Also, Indian companies have moved to the Philippines. This is one of the key reasons for the steady growth of the call center industry in the Phillipines (Winn, 2014). There are a number of specific competitors that can be described as

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Analysis for( drugs and body class) - Essay Example Cocaine was banned in the United States when the cases of cocaine related deaths became over 5000 in 1914 (Platt, 17). This is because people were snorting cocaine and this had an effect on their body by causing nasal damages. Cocaine has its important aspects since it helps to reduce pain for patients undergoing surgery. Cocaine is used as an anesthetic in eye surgery and used to treat morphine addiction. The use of cocaine was glamorized in the 1980s because it had become famous for its uses and since it is a highly addictive stimulant that produces profound feelings of pleasure. Platt stated that cocaine was popularized by dealers and glamorized by the Hollywood media in the 1980s despite its devastating effects in the society. Cocaine is introduced to the body using various ways depending with how the individuals wanted to satisfy their body systems. Cocaine can be snorted, injected in body, smoked, or eaten (Platt, 20). Cocaine was glamorized in the 1980s because it is a powerful stimulant and directly affects the brain. Platt stated that the drug introduces a sense of exhilaration in the user primarily by blocking the reuptake of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the midbrain. The use of cocaine makes the user a slave to drug since it makes the individual want more drugs to gratify the body’s needs. Cocaine was expensive but people still bought the drug to make their bodies’ active, decrease fatigue and to increase concentration in various activities like learning abilities. In the movie Al Pacino Scarface, a story is told of Alpacino the Cuban refugee who goes to Miami with nothing and rises up to become a powerful drug top dog. The movie shows how people are addicted to cocaine and are involved in dangerous criminal activities like drug trafficking to satisfy their needs. Other movies that portray the use of cocaine include; Trainspotting

Introduction to child development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Introduction to child development - Essay Example The first child that I observed was a boy. The boy was aged 8 years, and he lived in a suburban area. The family lived in an apartment, which had a spacious compound used for play and various outdoor activities. The observation took around 10 minutes, and it entailed checking how the child played with his peers and parents. In the first three minutes, the boy was grossly engaged in role-play. In this instance, the boy was pretending to be a pirate who had captured a ship containing treasure loot. The boy together with his friends had turned the table upside-down to be used as the ship. In order to make the event more realistic, he wore costumes that represented a pirate. The ship was captured and all the treasure loot taken by the pirate. After the pirate had taken the loot, he sank the ship using bombshells. The children made the sound of the bombs and the pirate was chanting victory songs. The children in the â€Å"captured ship† fell down to symbolize the capsizing of the bombed ship. The â€Å"pirate† was seen to be very happy after a successful mission. However, a few seconds later, government authorities appeared and arrested the pirate for causing havoc to sea-travellers. Immediately, the mood of the pirate changed to sadness to illustrate the loss of the treasure loot. In the next three minutes, the boy in a group of others began playing dance revolution. In this game, the boys competed against each other for who could dance better. Each boy was given thirty seconds to show his skills. A popular song was played, and each boy was supposed to dance to the tune of the song. Though sophisticated, each child was seen to be enjoying what was happening. The winner of the event was given a dummy cup. The boy isolated himself from the group designing a house using sticks and pieces of paper. The manner in which the boy designed the house was amazing. He created the blueprint and began putting the sticks in their right place. However, the boy left what he was doing immediately and went to the backyard. In the last two minutes, the boy went to play with his parent (father). The father of the boy was painting a picture in the backyard. The child took his drawing book and crayons and began imitating what the father was doing. It is evident from the observation that the child was particularly keen to what the father was doing. The ease of use of the crayons on the drawing book indicated a considerable growth of the child in terms of fine motor skills. From the observations, it seemed that the child was very comfortable both when playing alone and with others. In all the plays, the boy showed some level of sophistication in the way he played and interacted with the group and his father . The second child was a girl aged six years. The girl also lived in a suburban area and just like the first child; they lived in an apartment that possessed a spacious compound. Like in the first case, the girl was observed for close to ten minutes and it involved checking how the girl played, that is, alone and with others. The girl child was deeply involved in playing with her doll. For a better part of the observation time, the girl remained in one place. At the first, the girl was seen bathing the doll. It is important to state that the girl even checked the temperature of the bath water to see if it was optimal for bathing the doll. Immediately after bath, the girl combed the hair of the doll and made small braids on the doll’s head. Though the braids were not very good, the girl showed some level of skill probably acquired from the parent. The doll was dressed in neat clothes, and it was placed on its beds. After a minute, the girl picked the doll and began cooing the child as if it was crying. After the â€Å"supposed child† had slept, the girl was seen making some food for either her or the doll. At this stage, the girl went to pick something (ice cream) from the kitchen. The girl picked the

Fashion Existing Online Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fashion Existing Online - Case Study Example The paper "Fashion Existing Online" talks about the fashion that exists online. In order for the company to successful in this competitive market of fashion, it has targeted particular market and potential customers worldwide. The targeted customer by MO is women who love fashion and are willing to pay adequately and in full price for luxurious shoes, clothes and accessories. The company targets specific customer; a customer who will be able to afford designer looks right off the runway and who is fashion conscious enough to buying the clothing. The company has already targeted 80% of American who are shoppers in New York, outside New York and Florida, whereby the company’s initial customers were their personal network and customers referred by the network (Mukti, 2014). The company is still low on target markets that they are aware to be biggest luxury markets; although it ships it’s good to more than 150 countries. They have targeted the European, Asian and Middle Eas t markets as they are growing very fast. Fulfillment eService for Moda Operandi can plug into its sales system in order to monitor the orders’ status and track deliveries. For Moda Operandi, it allows its customers to preorder exclusive designer looks that are ready to wear fashions, handbags, shoes, and accessories in online designer trunk-shows. With many designer products originating in Europe, Middle East and Asia, the company outsources fulfillment in order to service customer; thus making substantial financial savings.

Education System in Desperate need of Change Essay Example for Free

Education System in Desperate need of Change Essay Sir William Haley once said, â€Å"Education would be so much more effective if its purpose were to ensure that by the time they leave school every boy and girl should know how much they don’t know, and be imbued with a lifelong desire to know it†. If students were guaranteed to leave school with knowing of what they don’t know and the desire to continue learning, the method of learning will be correct. Today’s education system does not give students the opportunity to enjoy what they are learning. The banking method, where students are empty vessels which educators must deposit knowledge into, deprives them of creativity and the desire to learn. No child is given the chance to shine and be unique. Students today are simply being placed on a conveyer belt, sorted, and then labeled according to their so called intelligence. We need an education system that provides a slower learning method, a method where you focus on what is being learned instead of zipping through it, and the freedom to make mistakes as this will electrify and stimulate students to fulfill their potential. We must recognize students as individuals and keep in mind their diverse backgrounds. In â€Å"Lives on the Boundary,† Rose states, â€Å"The canon has intended to push to the margins much of the literature of our nation: from American Indian songs and chants to immigrant fiction to working-class narratives† (100). The messages that are received from the text are crucial. The students need to be able to relate to what they have before them. One of the problems with today’s education system is we are given material to read, memorize, and expected to repeat it back at the snap of a finger. But without the ability to relate and connect with the material, the learning doesn’t take place. Everything that is read or being said is just going through one ear and out the other. By adding relatable texts, you add life to learning. In â€Å"Learning in the Key of Life,† Jon Spayde states, â€Å"people cannot learn what they do not love† (69). When students are reading or learning about a subject they love, they are inspired and motivated to learn more. This alone can benefit the learning process for students. It becomes much easier to grasp concepts learned in class. Today’s education system does not allow all students to thrive in their own way. It is fast paced with limited space for creativeness. We are given large amounts of information at a time and attempt to move as quickly as possible through all that we can. There is never â€Å"time† to stay longer on a topic. The instructors try their hardest to keep the pace, but this way of teaching does not benefit any student. In â€Å"Learning in the Key of Life†, Jon Spayde states, â€Å"†¦we are focusing far too much of our energy and resources on fast knowledge, ignoring all the richness and meaning slow knowledge adds to our lives† (68). When the focus is on just getting through the material, we are skipping over the value and richness of slow knowledge. Instead of zipping through a lesson because it needs to be done by a certain day to move onto the next, the focus needs to be on what is being learned than making a time requirement. Spayde also states, â€Å"You can figure out what you can do pretty quickly, but the ethical understanding of what you ought to do comes slowly†. We need to adopt the slow learning method, without it we are missing out on more than we think. There is so much more to learning than getting through the material, the purpose of it is to benefit and gain from it. With slow knowledge we will achieve this. One of the most important changes that needs to be done is the view on mistakes. In the article, â€Å"How to Make Mistakes,† Dennett states, â€Å"Mistakes are not just golden opportunities for learning; they are, in an important sense, the only opportunity for learning something truly new†. When fear is being put into a student to never make a mistake, their education is stunted. They lose the ability to explore and take the chance of being wrong because they are repeatedly punished for being incorrect. When a mistake is made, students will learn where they went wrong and will then grow from it. The key to progress is making mistakes. The reason we are in school is to learn, but with this opportunity taken away from students their ability to learn is ripped from their grasp. Daniel C. Dennett also states, â€Å"You should seek out opportunities to make grand mistakes, just so you can then recover from them†. Instead of using all of their energy to attempt to be perfect and run from being inaccurate, every student should look for every opportunity to be wrong. Without errors, the students can not accomplish much. If you look at Todays’ education system is in desperate need of change. No student is given the opportunity to show what they are fully capable of. Instead they are told what they can do. They are simply labeled and placed where they â€Å"should be†. But when students begin to pursue their mistakes and soak in the richness of slow knowledge, they will begin to truly learn. Maria Montessori once said, â€Å"If education is always to be conceived along the same antiquated lines of a mere transmission of knowledge, there is little to be hoped from it in the bettering of mans future. For what is the use of transmitting knowledge if the individuals total development lags behind? †. If many students are having difficulty learning in the method we have created ages ago, why not change it? The time is now and there is no time to waste. We must refocus this outdated system to insure that the students will have a secure future and keep the standard of living that we have today.

Types of Spoofing Attacks

Types of Spoofing Attacks 2.1 Distributed Denial of Service Attack The IP spoofing is mostly used in Distributed denial of service attacks (DDoS), in which hackers are concerned with consuming bandwidth and resources by flooding the target host machine with as many packets as possible in a short span of time. To effectively conducting the attack, hackers spoof source IP addresses to make tracing and stopping the DDoS as difficult as possible. Here the attacker scans internet and identifies the hosts with known vulnerabilities and compromise them to install attack program and then exploits the vulnerabilities to gain the root access. [6] 2.2 Non-blind spoofing This type of attack takes place when the hacker is on the same subnet as the target that can see sequence and acknowledgement of every packet. This type of spoofing is session hijacking and an attacker can bypass any authentication measures taken place to build the connection. This is achieved by corrupting the DataStream of an established connection, then re-establishing it based on correct sequence and acknowledgement numbers with the attack host machine. 2.2 Blind spoofing This type of attacks may take place from outside where sequence and acknowledgement numbers are not reachable. Hackers usually send several packets to the target host machine in order to sample sequence numbers, which is suitable in previous days. Now a days, almost every OSs implement random sequence number generation for the packets, making it difficult to predict the sequence number of packets accurately. If, however, the sequence number was compromised, information can be sent to the target host machine. 2.4 Man in the Middle Attack This attack is also known as connection oriented hijacking. In this attack mainly the attacker or the interrupter will attack the legal communication between two parties and eliminates or modifies the information shared between the two hosts without their knowledge. This is how the attacker will fool a target host and steal the data by forging the original hosts identity. In the TCP communication desynchronized state is given by connection oriented hijacking. Desynchronized connection is that when the packet sequence number varies for the received packet and the expected packet.TCP layer will decide whether to buffer the packet or discard it depending on the actual value of the received sequence number. Packets will be discarded or ignored when the two machines are desynchronized. Attacker may inject spoofed packets with the exact sequence numbers and change or insert messages to the communication. By staying on the communication path between two hosts attacker can modify or change p ackets. Creating the desynchronized state in the network is the key concept of this attack. [12] 2.5 Conclusion Various types of IP spoofing and its attacks are explained in this chapter. Here we have discussed about four types of spoofing attacks like Distributed Denial of Service Attack, Non-blind spoofing, blind spoofing and Man-in-the-middle attack, and also how these attacks can create problems to destination machines. Various Security requirements are discussed in the next chapter. Chapter 3: Security Requirements 3.1 Network security requirements The Internet became the largest public data network, enabling both personal and business communications worldwide. Day to day the data trafficking is increasing exponentially over the internet world and also in the corporate networks. As the technology is developing the speed of communication is increasing via e-mail; mobile workers, telecommuters. Internet is also used mainly to connect corporate networks to the branch offices. As the technolgy developed the usage of internet has became more and also usage of different technologies became more at the same time security threat also became more and gave chance to more faulties to do there things .so the corporations using them should protect and increase the security.The network attacks became very serious as they are more effective for the businesses because they store the important and sensitive data ,as the personal banking records or the business and medical reports. If the attack is done on such kind of corporates it is very difficult to recover the lost data which also leads to loose the privacy and takes lot of time to recover .The internet would also be the safest way to do the business Despite the costly risks .For example, It is not safe to give the credit card details to the telemarketer through the phone or even a waiter in the restaurent this is more risky than give the details in the web because security technology will protect electronic commer ce transactions. The telemarketers and waiters may not be that safer or trustworthy because we cannot monitor them all the time . The fear of security problems could be harmful to businesses as actual security voilates. Due to the distrust on the internet the fear and the suspicion of computers still exists.For the organisations that depends on the web will decrease there oppurtunities due to this distrust. To avoid this security polices should be strictly taken by the companies and also instate the safeguards that are effective.To protect their customers Organizations should adequately communicate . Companies should take the security steps to not only protect there customers from security breaches but also there employers and the partners information which are important for them. Internet ,intranet and extranet are used by the employers and the partners for the efficient and the fast communication.These communication and the efficiency should be looked after because they are more effectd by the network attacks. Attackers do the attack directly because this takes the lots of time for the employers to recover and restore the lost data and takes much time even in the network damage control. loss of time and valuble data could greatly impact employee effectiveness and confidence. The other main reason for the need of network security is the Legislation. according to the serveys conducted by the government they came to know about the importance of internet for the worlds economic status, they also recognize that the attackers effect on the internet could also cause the economic damag e to the world. National governments are mounting laws to regulate the vast stream of electronic information. Companies developed the strategies to secure the date in the safe way in accordance to put up the regulations given by government.The companies which does not take security polices to protect the data accordance will be voilated and penalized. 3.2 System security requirements In these days providing security had became a tough task for all the bisiness and the different organisations. Security must be provided to the customers and the important data to safeguard them from the malicious and involuntary leaks.Information is very important for every enterprise, it may be the custom records or intellectual property. By the CIOs it became possible to customers,employees and partners to get the data in fraction of seconds.The cost of money also became more to do all these things.There are three reasons for which this data may fall in risk they are (i) when the business process breaks down (ii) employee error (iii) gaps in security. Risk is then from customer and competitive pressures, regulatory and corporate compliance, and the rising cost publicity of data leaks Information one of the important resources of financial institutions. To keep the trust between the partners or develop the confidence in the customers it is more important to provide the good security which will be helpful for the good going and the reputation of the company . At the same time authentic information is necessary to process transactions and comfirm customer decisions. A financial institutions profit and capital can be affected if the information leaks to unauthorized companies. Information security is one of important process by which an organization protects and secures its systems, media, and maintain information important to its operations. The financial institutions have a great responsibilities to protect the nations financial service infrastucture On a broad standard. The financial security of the customer will also depends on th e security provided to the industry systems and its informations.effective security plans should be taken by the Individual financial institutions and their service providersfor their operational complexity .there should be a strong and effective board to maintain and take care of these security policies in order to protect the company from the security threats or any other malicious attacks.there should be a regular counseling to the organisations on the security precations they take to provide the companies , so that we can get the more effective results and can improve the organisations security level aswell. organizations often inaccurately recognize information security as condition of controls. As the Security is an ongoing process in overall security stance the condition of a financial institution depends on the indicator. Other indicators include the power of the institution to continually evaluate its stance and react suitably in the face of rapidly altering threats, techno logies, and business conditions. A financial institution establishes and maintains really effective information security when it continuously integrates processes, people, and technology to extenuate risk in accordance with risk assessment and acceptable risk tolerance levels. By instituting a security process financial institutions secure there risks they recognizes risks, forms a scheme to manage the risks, implements the scheme, tests the execution, and monitors the atmosphere to manage the risks. A financial institution outsources all of their information processing. Examiners use this booklet while evaluating the financial institutions risk management process, including the obligations, duties, and job of the service source for information security and the inadvertence exercised by the financial institution. [3] 3.3 Information security requirements An information security strategy is a plan to extenuate risks while abiding by with legal, Statutory, internally and contractual developed demands. Typical steps to building a strategy include the definition of control objectives, the assessment and identification of approaches to meet the objectives, the selection of controls, metrics, the establishment of benchmarks and the preparation of implementation and testing plans. The choice of controls is typically depends on cost comparison of different strategic approaches to minimize the risk .The cost comparison typically contrasts the costs of different approaches with the potential gains a financial institution could realize in terms of increased availability,confidentality or integrity of systems and data. These gains may include reduced financial losses, improved customer confidence, regulatory abidance and positive audit findings. Any particular approach should consider the following Policies, procedures and standards Technology design Resource dedication Testing and Training. For example, an institutions management may be assessing the right strategic approach to the security supervising of activities for an Internet environment. There are two potential approaches identified for evaluation. The first approach utilizes a combination of network and host sensors with a staffed supervising center. The second approach consists of every day access log examination. The first alternative is judged much more capable of detecting an attack in time to reduce any damage to the institution and its data, even though at a much more cost. The added cost is totally appropriate when institution processing capabilities and the customer data are exposed to an attack, such as in an Internet banking domain. The second approach may be suitable when the primary risk is reputational damage, such as when the Web site is not connected to other financial institution systems and if the only information is protected is an information-only Web site.

Penguin Books: Introduction To Modern Business :: essays research papers fc

Penguin Books: Introduction to Modern Business The aim of this essay is to comment on how, over the last six years Penguin Books Limited has grown and managed external and internal changes. Sixty one years ago, Allen Lane, the managing director of the Bodley Head, a British publishing company, revolutionised reading with the introduction of the first ten Penguin paperbacks. Today, over 600 million paperbacks are sold yearly. At a time when there was still little of entertainment, paperback books brought reading to the masses. Nowadays, paperback books bring reading to the world. During the last six years (1990-1996) Penguin Books Limited was faced with many "environmentalist pressures," with a continuous change inside the company, and competitors trying to imitate its successful innovations on both sides of the Atlantic. The major achievement in 1990 was the introduction of a new computer system into several parts of the Company. The Credit Control department was the first area and Stock Management, Invoicing Systems, Warehousing, Distribution and Sales Services followed. Now the whole of the Company's systems are incorporated and networked. During this period a new lists including the Twentieth Century Classics Series complementing the Penguin Classics, Arkana, the New Age list and Fantail, the mass-market children's list were introduced. Internal change that took place during that year was the closing down of the Penguin Bookshops (that expanded to include 12 shops during the last decade), leaving just one, the specialist Beatrix Potter "House of the Tailer of Gloucester", within the Group. This change took place due to the fact that the Company was conscious that it had to concentrate on the publishing rather than on the retail. This decision brought a successful completion of a management buy-out of the shops. This action also compensated the loss that the Company faced in august 1991, when Pearson (an international enterprise quoted on the London Stock Exchange with major media interests including many well-known names apart from Penguin, such as Longman, Pitman, Addison Wesley, the Financial Times, Westminster Press, Mindscape, Thames TV and Madame Tussauds) announced pre-tax profits of Pounds 40.7m for the first half of 1991- a drop of 58 per cent on the same period of 1990. In this period books fell from a trading profit of Pounds 2.1m to a loss of Pounds 13.4m with Penguin losing Pounds 8m. In the following two years no major changes have been recorded. Although, 1993 was generally a successful year for all Penguin group companies. Penguin UK had produced a strong programme including some major best sellers and agreed to a joint venture with the BBC for mass market paperbacks and film deals with two

Date Rape :: essays research papers

How many of you know someone who has had something stolen from them? How many of you know someone who has been held at gunpoint? How many of you know someone who has been date raped? You might and not even know about it. In 1985, Mary Koss, a professor at Kent State University, surveyed approximately 7,000 students on thirty-two campuses on behalf of Ms. magazine and found that one in eight women were the victims of rape. Experts estimate that as many as 90 percent of all rapes are never reported. But When you hear the word "rape," what do you think of? If you imagine a stranger jumping out of the bushes on a dark night and attacking someone, you are only partly right--because most rapes are not committed by strangers but by men who know their victims, who often have gone out with them previously and are supposedly their friends. Acquaintance rape is forced, unwanted intercourse with a person you know. It can be that cute neighbor, the blind date your friend set you up with, even your husband of boyfriend. The fact is, if you said no, it’s rape. Date rapes typically occur when a woman is alone with a man. If you go to a man's room or apartment or even get into his car alone, you are vulnerable. Date rapes can occur when others are relatively close by; for example, they can take place in an upstairs bedroom while fifty people are attending a party on the first floor. Alcohol and drugs are sometimes a significant factor in date rape. Many victims say later that they drank too much or took too many drugs to realize what was going on; by the time they realized their predicament, it was too late. Sometimes a woman passes out and awakens to find a man having sex with her. On the other hand, some date rapes occur when alcohol is not involved or when the victim has had little or nothing to drink but the man has been drinking and becomes sexually aggressive. Mixed signals are another element in date rape. The woman acts in a friendly manner; the man interprets this friendliness as an invitation to have sex. "No" is heard as "maybe" and even a strong protest can be ignored under the delusion that women say "no" when they mean "yes." Some men find it sexually exciting to have a woman struggle. If the woman protests only mildly, the man may think he is merely "persuading" her, not forcing her to have sex (He may think the

Contribution of Countryside Tourism to the UK Travel and Tourism Indust

Contribution of Countryside Tourism to the UK Travel and Tourism Industry Across the UK there are 4 main categories of tourist and visitor attractions. These categories are:  · Large City/Large Town,  · Seaside,  · Countryside/Village,  · Small Town. The table above shows that; domestic trips to the countryside area, has now gone into second place out of the 4 categories of tourist and visitor attractions. Over recent years (since 2000) there has been a slight decrease from 24% (2000) to 22% (2003). For day trips across the UK Cities are more popular amongst tourists. This could be for a number of reasons like;  · More spending opportunities,  · More shopping/activity facilities etc. The table above talks about Domestic Holidays. As shown above the countryside category accounts for at least a quarter of all holidays in terms of the 4 different holiday destinations. It is seen as equally important to the Travel and Tourism Industry in the UK. It is a close third in the ranking behind the categories; Large City/Large Town and Seaside. The table above also shows the percentage of spend at these destinations. In the countryside category spending is quite lower in comparison to the top 2 categories; Large City/Large Town and Seaside. This again could be for a number of reasons like; * Fewer shopping opportunities in the countryside compared to the other categories, * Also the activities on offer in the countryside are usually free The Economic Impact of Recreation and Tourism in the English Countryside The English countryside attracts a huge amount of tourists every year. In 1998, visitors to the countryside spent  £11.5 billion. This consequently generated 340,000 jobs. Visitor spending in the countryside rose in real terms ... ...e Visit Britain should advertise the British countryside and remote coastline a lot more abroad on things like TV, posters, in travel agents etc. This would improve the amount of visitor spend from overseas by a lot because there is a lot of potential growth from the 94% of overseas visitors who just visit UK cities. Day visitors to the UK countryside: In 1998 day visits to the UK countryside and remote coastline survey indicated that 1,253 million people went on leisure day visits from home to the countryside, together with an estimated 90 million visits to open coastline. A total of 1,343 million day trips or 25% of all leisure trips in England. Expenditure associated with these trips amounted to  £8,942 million. This category of tourists to the countryside is by far the most important because it generates three quarters of the total income into countryside tourism. Contribution of Countryside Tourism to the UK Travel and Tourism Indust Contribution of Countryside Tourism to the UK Travel and Tourism Industry Across the UK there are 4 main categories of tourist and visitor attractions. These categories are:  · Large City/Large Town,  · Seaside,  · Countryside/Village,  · Small Town. The table above shows that; domestic trips to the countryside area, has now gone into second place out of the 4 categories of tourist and visitor attractions. Over recent years (since 2000) there has been a slight decrease from 24% (2000) to 22% (2003). For day trips across the UK Cities are more popular amongst tourists. This could be for a number of reasons like;  · More spending opportunities,  · More shopping/activity facilities etc. The table above talks about Domestic Holidays. As shown above the countryside category accounts for at least a quarter of all holidays in terms of the 4 different holiday destinations. It is seen as equally important to the Travel and Tourism Industry in the UK. It is a close third in the ranking behind the categories; Large City/Large Town and Seaside. The table above also shows the percentage of spend at these destinations. In the countryside category spending is quite lower in comparison to the top 2 categories; Large City/Large Town and Seaside. This again could be for a number of reasons like; * Fewer shopping opportunities in the countryside compared to the other categories, * Also the activities on offer in the countryside are usually free The Economic Impact of Recreation and Tourism in the English Countryside The English countryside attracts a huge amount of tourists every year. In 1998, visitors to the countryside spent  £11.5 billion. This consequently generated 340,000 jobs. Visitor spending in the countryside rose in real terms ... ...e Visit Britain should advertise the British countryside and remote coastline a lot more abroad on things like TV, posters, in travel agents etc. This would improve the amount of visitor spend from overseas by a lot because there is a lot of potential growth from the 94% of overseas visitors who just visit UK cities. Day visitors to the UK countryside: In 1998 day visits to the UK countryside and remote coastline survey indicated that 1,253 million people went on leisure day visits from home to the countryside, together with an estimated 90 million visits to open coastline. A total of 1,343 million day trips or 25% of all leisure trips in England. Expenditure associated with these trips amounted to  £8,942 million. This category of tourists to the countryside is by far the most important because it generates three quarters of the total income into countryside tourism.

Critique of Jean Watson’s Theory Essay

The Theory of Human Caring was written by Jean Watson. This model consists of ten carative factors to assist nurses with caring for their patients. Dr. Watson calls this a transpersonal relationship. Watson defines transpersonal care ‘as the capacity of one human being to receive another human being’s expression of feelings and to experience those feelings for oneself’ (Walker, 1996, p. 992). It is much more than a scripted therapeutic response, it is a moral duty that rises from within the nurse, and Watson identifies nursing as both an art and a science. The first premise of this theory is that the more individual the feelings are, that the nurse transmits, the more strongly does the caring process affect the recipient (Walker, 1996). The two persons in a caring transaction are both in the process of being and becoming. The moment of coming together in an actual caring occasion presents the opportunity for each person to learn from the other, how to be human. Watson implies more than a mere mergence of experiences; she suggests a spiritual union of souls (Watson, 2008; Walker, 1996, p. 92). This writing will evaluate Watson’s theory and critique using Chinn and Kramer’s model of evaluation using description, clarity, simplicity, generalizability, accessibility, and importance (Meleis, 2012, p. 184). Clarity Watson precisely defines the concepts and sub concepts central to this theory. Watson explains abstract phenomena by using ordinary language in extraordinary ways, and uses nontechnical, sophisticated, fluid, and evolutionary language to artfully describe concepts. Watson’s propensity toward metaphorical expression adds urgency to her moral message for nursing (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). At times, lengthy phrases and sentences must be read more than once to convey meaning. The increasing inclusion of metaphors, personal reflections, artwork, and poetry make her complex concepts more tangible and more aesthetically appealing (Walker, 1996). According to Watson, ‘A model of caring science that goes beyond an intellectualization of the topic invites us into a timeless yet timely space to revisit this perennial phenomenon of the human condition (Watson, 2008, p. 8). Critics of Watson’s work have concentrated on the use of undefined or changing/shifting definitions and terms and her focus on the psychosocial rather than the pathophysiological aspects of nursing (Alligood & Tomey, 2010, p. 101). Watson tends to explain abstract phenomena by using ordinary language in extraordinary ways. Watson’s propensity toward metaphorical expression adds urgency to her moral message for nursing (Walker, 1996). Simplicity Watson draws on a number of disciplines to formulate her theory. To understand the theory as it is presented, the reader does best by being familiar with the broad subject matter. The theory is more about being than about doing, and it must be internalized thoroughly by the nurse if it is to be actualized in practice. Health as harmonious unity of mind-body-soul recapitulates emphasis on human idealism inspires nurses to readopt or realign themselves with a commitment to care (Walker, 1996). Basic concepts and premises appeal to nurses trying to ‘carve out’ a caring practice in the context of contemporary health care. Generalizability Watson’s theory seeks to provide a moral and philosophical basis for nursing. The scope of the framework encompasses all aspects of the health illness phenomenon. In addition the theory addresses aspects of preventing illness and experiencing a peaceful death, thereby increasing its generality (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). The carative factors that Watson described provide important guidelines for nurse patient interaction; however, some critics have stated that their generality is limited by the emphasis placed on psychosocial rather than physiological aspects of care (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). Transpersonal relationships can put the patient at ease, trust increases, and this is an exceptional environment for healing to take place. Watson explains that concepts, defined as building blocks of theory, bring new meaning to the paradigm of nursing and were derived from clinically inducted, empirical experiences, combined with philosophical, intellectual and experiential background; thus her early work emerged from her own values, beliefs, and perceptions about personhood, life, health, and healing (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). Accessibility Another characteristic of the theory is that it does not furnish explicit directions about what to do to achieve authentic caring healing relationship. Nurses who want concrete guidelines may not feel secure when trying to rely on the theory alone. Some suggest it would take too long to incorporate the caritas into practice, and others state that the emphasis on Watson’s personal growth gives her latest book an idiosyncratic quality that while appealing to some may not appeal to others (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). This theory does not lend itself easily to research conducted through traditional scientific methods (Walker, 1996). Some critics have stated that generality is limited by the emphasis placed on psychosocial rather than physiological aspects of caring (Alligood & Tomey, 2010). Watson continues to state how the transpersonal relationship is the foundation of her theory, she calls this a special kind of human care relationship, a union with another person-high regard for the whole person and their being in the world (Alligood & Tomey, 2010).

How to Adjust a Trail Balance Essay

A trial balance is created by companies at the end of an accounting period. It contains a list of all accounts within an accounting system that have balances. Companies separate the accounts into different categories, which include assets, liabilities, equities, revenues and expenses. The accounts are listed in order, beginning with assets, and each includes a balance that is either a debit or credit. Asset and expense accounts have debit balances, while the other types have credit balances. Adjusting entries are made to certain accounts to bring their balances up to date. After adjusting entries are made, the trial balance is updated to an adjusted trial balance. Instructions 1 Create a trial balance. Using the company’s general ledger, transfer all accounts and balances onto a 10-column worksheet. Each account name is listed first, followed by the balance in each. The first two columns of the worksheet are designated for the trial balance. The amounts are separated by debits and credits. Total each column verifying that the amounts are equal. 2 Determine what adjusting entries are needed. Adjusting entries typically are used for two different types of activities: accrual and deferrals. Accruals are entries used to record a revenue or expense that has occurred but has not been posted yet. Deferrals refer to entries that have been made previously, but the amount of the entry must be divided between two or more periods. 3 Adjust for accrual of expenses. Several common adjusting entries occur due to the accrual of expenses. According to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), all expenses and revenues are to be recorded in the period in which they occur. For example, you must record interest expense for interest accrued on a business loan during the current period. To do this, a debit is posted to Interest Expense and a credit to Interest Payable. Interest Payable is a liability account that represents interest that is accrued but is not paid yet. 4 Adjust for accrual of revenues. Entries must also be made to update the amount of revenue earned for a period. For example, you must record interest earned on a note during the period it was earned, even though it was not received. To do this, a credit is made to Interest Receivable and a debit to Interest Revenue. 5 Record adjustments for deferred expenses. A deferred expense entry is used when a company records a transaction in the past that must be updated now. For example, if an annual insurance policy was purchased and paid for, every month a portion of that prepaid insurance entry must be expensed out. The amount initially would be placed in an asset account called Prepaid Insurance. Every month after a month of insurance is used, an adjusting entry is made by debiting Insurance Expense and crediting Prepaid Insurance. 6 Record any deferred revenues. This entry occurs when money was received and posted to an Unearned Revenue account prior to it being earned. For example, if your company provides a service to another company and the company prepays for the service for a year, an entry is made. The amount was initially posted in a liability account called unearned revenue. At the end of each month, after a portion of the revenue is earned, an adjusting entry is made by debiting the Unearned Revenue account and crediting the Revenue account.

A Christmast Surprise for Gramma

A Christmas Surprise for Grandma by Gloria J. Shuttleworth Grandma lived on Sugar Creek Mountain all alone. It was a beautiful mountain, with tall cedar trees all over the mountain top. In the middle of the mountain was a crystal clear lake. The water in the lake was the prettiest blue you've ever seen. When the water was calm, you could see the fish swimming around in the lake. I loved sitting by the lake when I was a little girl. Grandma would pack us a lunch, and we would sit at the lake for hours on end. Hour after hour, grandma would tell me stories about her life on the mountain. I remember the day that grandpa drowned in the lake.My parents had tried to talk grandma into moving into town, but she wouldn't hear of it. My parents knew not to argue with her, because they knew that grandma was set in her ways. â€Å"I've been on this mountain for so long that I've forgotten which is the oldest, me or the mountain,† grandma had said, with a twinkle in her eyes. I knew my par ents worried about her being alone, because grandma was the only person who lived on Sugar Cliff Mountain. Today I was going to visit grandma, and the excitement grew inside me at the thought of spending time on the mountain once more. After all, it had been ten years since I had seen grandma.It's hard to believe that my career had kept me away for so long. As I approached the top of the mountain, I could see grandma staring out the window of her little log cabin home. Grandma greeted me at the door with a big hug. â€Å"I am so happy that you could come to visit with me,† said grandma. This Christmas is going to be so wonderful! I have a special surprise for you dear. Little did grandma know that I had a very special surprise for her as well. â€Å"Well, we can't stand around here all day,† said grandma. There's a lot of work to get done. I have invited the people from the village to come to my Christmas party on Saturday evening.After I had freshened up a bit, we spe nt the day baking all sorts of cookies and candies. Grandma had a story to tell as we baked the goodies for the party. She told me about how she used to bake apple pies for grandpa. â€Å"He loved apple pies,† said grandma. Those were his favorite. She said that after the pies would cool off, that grandpa would send her into the living room, under the pretense that he would clean up the kitchen. Grandma knew what he was really up to, but she never let on that she knew. Grandma would go into the living room and sit in her rocking chair. She would sing some of the songs that she knew grandpa loved.About an hour later, grandma would wander back into the kitchen. â€Å"Why Henry! † she said kitchen, grandma retired for the evening. I made myself a cup of tea and sat down in front of the fireplace. Sitting alone in the quiet house, I pondered my childhood memories of my grandparents. They had always been such a fun loving and happy couple. Shortly after they were married, g randpa built the log cabin home for his â€Å"Little ole Emmy†, as he called her. Just before Christmas, almost twelve years ago, grandpa was outside gathering firewood, when grandma heard a horrible scream and a terrible noise.She ran outside to find that an area of the ice on the lake had fallen through. She yelled for grandpa over and over but no reply ever came. They searched the lake for over a week, but no trace of grandpa could be found. Finally, they called off the search. One of the men who had helped in the search said they'd probably never find grandpa now. Just then, as my thoughts were still racing around in my head, my grandmother brought me back to reality. â€Å"We have to be up very early in the morning dear, so off to bed now,† she said. I slowly walked to my grandmother's room, and kissed her goodnight.Morning came early at grandma's house. As I entered the kitchen I could smell the homemade biscuits and gravy cooking on the stove. â€Å"What's on o ur list of things to do today? † I asked. â€Å"The men are coming from the village this morning to put the lights on the trees, and we have lots of presents to wrap for the children,† she said. Just then, there was a knock at the door. It was the men from the village ready to start putting up the lights. Grandma was so excited as she stepped back to watch them. â€Å"Let's wrap those presents now Laura,† said grandma.As I watched grandma wrap the presents and tie the ribbons, I knew that so much more was being placed around them. With each piece of wrapping paper grandma was also wrapping them with love. After the last present was wrapped, we realized that we'd been wrapping presents all day! It was now getting dark outside and grandma wanted to go outside to view the lights. As we stepped out onto the porch, we gasped. The sight that met our eyes was so beautiful to behold! The snow was glittering and the reflection of the lights on the snow was beyond words! I t was breathtaking! That night I went to bed with a heart full of love for my grandmother.I knew that someday I wanted to be just like her, full of love for others. Saturday evening the village people started arriving just after dark. Grandma always waited until evening to have her Christmas party, because she loved the lights. All the guests gathered around in the front yard and began to sing Christmas carols. Oh, how grandma loved that! Ole Ben was a jolly fellow who worked at the village store, and he was chosen to help Santa hand out the presents. The children shouted with glee, as they unwrapped their gifts. Grandma said, â€Å"Laura, come here dear, I have a surprise for you. As she handed me the present, I could see the love and pride in her eyes. â€Å"I love it grandma†, I said, as I bent down to kiss her cheek, â€Å"I will cherish it forever. † Grandma had made a quilt out of some of my dresses that I had worn as a little girl. â€Å"Grandma, if you could have just one special gift for Christmas, what would it be? † I asked her. Without even stopping to think, she replied, â€Å"I would like to see your grandfather just one more time, so I could feed him the apple pie that the horses quit snatching when he left us. † Just then grandma's face lit up like the lights on the Christmas tree!Everyone turned to see what grandma was looking at. Walking slowly toward her, with an apple pie in his hand, was grandpa! There was two slices missing from the pie that he was holding. The village people were speechless, as they thought they were seeing a ghost. Grandpa chuckled, as he yelled out, â€Å"Emmy, those darn horses snatched the pie and got away with two pieces. Difference to me, but slowly my memory started to return. I remember now going out to gather firewood. There was a nice piece of wood on the lake. I thought the lake was frozen over so I stepped out on the lake to get the piece of wood.I remember hearing the lake crack le and that's the last I remember about the accident. â€Å"Laura, how can I ever thank you for bringing grandpa home to me? † asked grandma. Laura replied, â€Å"Seeing the happiness and the love you have for each other is all the thanks I need. † As Laura retired to bed that night, she couldn't help but think about the surprise that she had given to grandma for Christmas. She knew in her heart that it was the best surprise present that grandma would ever get. What a warm and wonderful feeling came over Laura as she fell asleep, thinking of her grandparents.

A Brief Encounter

The sun was beaming down onto the hills of Konstanz, a small and low-lying village, very close to the border with Switzerland. The men were walking to the station. They had been walking a long way and were very tired. It was late in the evening. They stopped off at a small cafà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ where they ordered some water and some crisps each. They paid and walked the final few metres until they arrived at the small and derelict station. There, they were stopped by a small group of soldiers, wearing their green, olive-coloured suits. They asked the men for their papers. The men handed their tatty papers over very reluctantly. They checked the papers and then told the exhausted men that they were not allowed to cross and that they had to see the general of the area. The tired men slowly walked the few steps across the battered platform, accompanied by the tired soldiers. On the other side of road, there was a small, brick-walled hut. They walked slowly up to it. Inside the general was reading the local newspaper, slouched back in his leather chair. ‘Ah, hello,' he said calmly. They did not respond but looked around the little building. On the wall, there were lots of photographs of the squadrons in which he must have trained as a pilot. ‘You know that there are a group of fugitives from a German concentration camp, where are you from?' he said. ‘We come from France. We are going to Zurich to greet our friends from school,' Francois said. ‘You are the fugitives, aren't you?' he said, ‘you have caused us enough trouble.' ‘We are not the†¦' ‘Yes you are,' he said interrupting, ‘we have been told by General Heimlich back in Munich. Remember him? He has sent us a telegram of what you look like and your names.' They stood still, looking at the photos. The sun was dying down as the evening started to approach. ‘We are not the fugitives, we are going to Zurich to see our friends,' Francois said very persuasively. The general was not to be moved. He stayed there, smoking his pipe casually. ‘You are; because I know what you look like, so there is no point in trying to plead your case; and even if you are going to Zurich, you do not have the right papers to do so,' he replied. ‘That is absurd!' Raphael said. He stamped his foot on the ground loudly. ‘What is happening to us, then?' said Francois. ‘No, don't say that; I want a reason why we are being refused entry. Go on then, why?' said Raphael. ‘The general from the camp in Munich has told others, and me, that three men of French origin have escaped. They match your figures and so I have to enquire as to who they are. He did not say any names so I will phone him now. If you could wait for a second or two,' he replied. He picked up the phone from the other side of his wooden desk. He dialled the number carefully and slowly. He then listened in. ‘Ah, hello, is that General Heimlich?' he enquired. ‘Yes,' was the reply from the other end. ‘Hello, this is General Fuser, here in Konstanz,' he replied. ‘I have three young men here, who say that they are French. They say that they are visiting some friends in Zurich. What are their names? ‘Francois, Raphael and Danni. They must be returned to Munich,' he replied. ‘Ok, thanks, bye,' he responded. He put the phone down onto the desk quietly. ‘Ok then,' he said calmly. ‘General Heimlich has ordered that you be returned to Munich at once. You will get the next train, which leaves in ten minutes.' ‘What!' said Raphael. He started to shout at the general. He was restrained with difficulty by two of the soldiers and they were led of the building to the other side of the destroyed station. They picked up their bags and headed for the furthest platform. They were accompanied by the same soldiers. The train rolled into the station slowly. A pile of travellers got off it and dispersed into different parts of the station. The distraught men then got onto the train and it quickly left. The hills of the village quickly disappeared as the train gradually got further away from the ruined station. ‘How long will the journey be?' Danni asked Francois. ‘Oh, only an hour. We will be there by seven,' he replied. By now, the sun had died and it was beginning to get dark. The station was approaching and there were lots of people waiting patiently on the station platform. Also, there were a group of soldiers with General Heimlich. They were escorted of the train by the soldiers and taken to General Heimlich. The men were led to a car and then driven a few minutes to the familiar site of the Munich Concentration camp. When they arrived, there were about two hundred men, lined up against the fence, watching them arrive. All of the men quickly walked into the general's office. He was furious. ‘Right then, you know why you are here. Why did you try to escape? We monitor all of the paperwork very closely. You will not escape again, though I am sure you will try again.' ‘You will face a bad punishment,' he said to them. ‘I think that two weeks isolation will do you a bit of good. If you do it again and then get caught, you will be in front of a firing squad.' They looked around the room with a sense of concern. It was cold and windy outside and the only light was from a car over the hills in the distance. ‘Do you hear me,' he shouted to them. ‘Yes,' they said timidly. ‘You will be monitored very closely by the soldiers, and I will see you every two days. Also, there will be cabin checks every week,' he said very angrily. ‘You have caused me enough trouble, and you will be punished.' ‘Understand?' ‘Yes,' they replied quietly. The fugitives walked out of the room escorted by soldiers. When they neared the entrance, there was a huge cheer for them. The distraught men walked into the compound, surrounded by captives, congratulating them on what they had done. General Heimlich stood outside his office, pondering what to do with them next. A Brief Encounter The poem â€Å"Summer Love† by Marilyn Chin written in 1994 uses descriptive emotional imagery through various tones to illustrate short lived relationships during the summer of a woman’s life. The situations and settings of the poem add to the theme of the poem as well as her use of figurative speech to describe the emotions she experiences during and from these relationships. The author Marilyn Chin has expressed several emotions within the poem through the use of descriptive imagery and by altering the tones of the piece, subsequently stimulating the readers’ imagination. The author’s creative writing conveys her underling message of change of emotions that are experienced in any relationship, whether it lasts minutes or a lifetime. Her use of figurative speech captivates the reader, and allows them to experience her emotional journey through language. Mei Ling Chin was born in Hong Kong in 1955 and migrated to the United States with her family where they resided in Portland Oregon. Upon the insistence of her father her name was changed to Marilyn as he thought it was necessary for school and he also had an obsession with Marilyn Monroe. Having family in Hong Kong, Hawaii and all over the West Coast reinforced assimilation as an important issue to her. 1 Being afraid of losing her roots she used poetry to recapture this aspect, however she acknowledges that the truth is we cannot recapture the past. Marilyn Chin is an Asian contemporary writer who has three collections of work and her other pieces can be found in various anthologies. She was influenced by activist poets and has won numerous awards throughout her career. This piece is reflective of a short lived relationship between a young woman possibly the author, and her encounter with a desirable partner with whom she has had a brief sexual encounter. This is concluded in the first stanza, which has her explaining that her companion has spent the night and that she does not mind him staying for breakfast, but she does not want him to remain afterward. Her statement that there is nothing worse than last night’s love implies there was a sexual occurrence of some sort. She also reflects on former companions during the third stanza, speculating if her resent beau plans to follow similar actions taken by her previous partners. She describes her previous lovers as being scorned, possibly due to her actions during their brief encounters. Throughout the poem the young woman’s sentiments toward her lover change via each stanza. There is a profound sexual undertone expressed throughout the piece which could also be associated with the title of the poem. The phrase summer love commonly implies a brief love affair during the summer months between two people who know that it will come to an end. The author has appropriately altered the tones of the piece to enhance the reader’s understanding of each stanza. The first emotion expressed is one of indifference towards her lover. The third line in the first stanza is the initial affirmation to the young girl’s apathy. â€Å"If this doesn’t please you, too bad, its all I have. †, (Chin 3) referring to her cooking breakfast consisting of dried lotus, bay oysters with scrambled eggs. Her unemotional statement has let her companion know that she is not concerned about their feelings. She has cooked breakfast and it does not matter if they stay to eat, yet if the meal is not of his preference, it is not of importance to her. The next line shows a more callous attitude towards her lover. â€Å"Do not linger; nothing worse in the morning than last night’s love. † (Chin 4-5) She is ready for him to depart, creating an intimidating atmosphere. The author has conveyed the impassive view she takes on the encounter through the woman’s statements in the last three lines. The woman’s apparent communications of these distant feelings demonstrate her indifferent attitude toward this person during the commencement of the poem. The second stanza denotes a lustful, yearning of her partner. She describes her partner’s physical attributes starting with his stomach, which she describes as flat, and uses a metaphor of their skin as milk in the moonlight. The second line’s hyperbole allows the reader to understand that even though they were amidst many people, she noticed his glimmer. As they dance, her judgment becomes clouded and her inhibitions appear to fade. The last two lines illustrate the physical connection that has occurred. â€Å"I let you touch me where I am most vulnerable, heart of the vulva, vulva of the heart. † (Chin 9-10) This metaphor is twice as significant. The first half represents that they have pleasured her physically in the most personal part of her body, while the second half symbolizes the emotional contact that her partner has made with her heart. 2 The author alters the mood of the piece again, when the woman expresses the compassion she begins to show. The first lines declare her trepidation that she might not find someone else like her partner. She does not want this association to be comparable to her past relationships, in which her previous lovers left scorned. The sentiment of the first three lines of this stanza illustrates her empathy. â€Å"Perhaps, I fear, there will not be another like you, / or you might walk away in the same face of others- / -blue with scorn and a troubled life. † (Chin 11-13) The feeling of dispassion once expressed has now been replaced, possibly due to her knowledge of the impending closure of the relationship. The author then gives the realization of the situation saying, â€Å"But, for now, let the summers be savored and the centuries be forgiven. † (Chin 14) The woman would like to preserve the good times and put any other concerns out of her mind for now. She ends the poem with the lines, â€Å"Two lovers in a field of floss and iris- / where nothing else matters but the dew and the light. † (Chin 15-16) The author poignantly ends her poem, where the woman is holding on to her memories, unconcerned of the future only thinking of the present. The situations and settings of the poem vary as much as the tones do. Our speaker stays the same yet her location seems to change throughout the stanzas. In the beginning our speaker appears to be at home. This is inferred by her comment to her partner regarding him not lingering around. Then it seems that either she has gone to a place where she is reminiscing about meeting, or seeing her partner, at what would be perceived as a function due to her reference of â€Å"a thousand tired eyes†. Chin 7) The last stanza doesn’t give the impression of the woman being at a specific setting but more of her reflecting on her past circumstances. The last two lines seem to be more of a daydream that has her envisioning herself and her partner in a field of floss and iris. The author uses figures of speech to captivate and retain the readers’ interest. The hyperbole used in the seventh line strengthens the author’s emphasis of her desire for her lover, being able to n otice her lover amongst many people. The metaphor used in the last two lines symbolizes the physical and emotional feelings experienced by the speaker. In conclusion, the author has used creative writing to express the emotions felt during diverging relationships to explicate the same emotions experienced in this particular relationship. In my opinion, the altered tones and situations create a balance to the poem that keeps the reader intrigued. The author has expressed the emotions that most people experience during their own relationships, whether or not the relationship was the similar to the one described in the poem.